Which of the following must psychologists disclose to their research participants?

Psychologists are ethically obligated to disclose the nature of the study to their research participants. This requirement is rooted in the principle of informed consent, which ensures that individuals understand what they are agreeing to when participating in research. Participants must be made aware of the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and any anticipated benefits. Knowledge of the study's nature allows participants to make an informed decision about their involvement, fostering autonomy and preserving ethical standards in research practices.

While personal beliefs, confidentiality agreements, and funding sources may be relevant to the context of the research, they do not specifically fall under the essential elements that must be disclosed for informed consent. For effective participation, understanding the study's nature is paramount and serves as the foundation for the ethical conduct required in psychological research.