What does the independent practice of psychology include?

The independent practice of psychology fundamentally encompasses the ability to practice without supervision and to have decision-making authority in the provision of psychological services. This means that a psychologist can independently decide on treatment plans, assess clients, and manage their own practice.

Having an ownership interest in a business that provides psychological services directly aligns with this definition of independent practice. It indicates that the psychologist has control and responsibility over the operations and ethical standards of the practice, thereby exercising full professional autonomy.

While practicing under supervision or working in an exempt agency might contribute to an individual's experience and professional development, they do not constitute independent practice as they involve certain restrictions on autonomy and responsibility. Therefore, option C is correct as it reflects the true essence of independent practice in psychology.